Protein/DNA Arrays simplify the functional analysis of eukaryotic transcription factors (TFs).
Panomics Array-based technology is a significant improvement in throughput compared to the EMSA gel mobility-shift assays, which only allow the characterization of one TF at a time.
With Arrays, you can profile the activities of multiple TFs simultaneously. Arrays can be used to study TF activation in a variety of biological signaling processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis.
Our Protein/DNA Arrays are spotted with different DNA consensus sequences. Each sequence is recognized by a specific transcription factor or, in some instances, by a family of closely related transcription factors. These transcription factors are chosen for their biological significance and are well-characterized in published literature.
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Description
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TF Elements
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PD Array I
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56
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PD Array II
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96
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PD Array III
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94
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PD Array IV
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76
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PD Array V
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73
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Combo Array
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345
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Panomics introduces a new line of arrays for functional analysis of eukaryotic transcription factors (TFs)—Function-Specific Protein/DNA Arrays.
Like our Protein/DNA Arrays, these arrays represent a significant improvement over cumbersome gel mobility-shift assays, which only allow the characterization of one TF at a time. With Function-Specific Protein/DNA Arrays, you can profile the activities of multiple TFs simultaneously in a variety of biological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, transformation, and apoptosis.
Function-Specific Protein/DNA Arrays are designed for researchers who need to focus on TFs involved in specific biological processes.
We currently offer three function-specific arrays:
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cAMP/Calcium Protein/DNA Array
Second messengers like cAMP and calcium regulate a number of physiological processes—including metabolism, cellular proliferation, and neuronal signaling—by altering patterns of gene expression, which result from changes in DNA-binding properties of TFs. A good first step toward teasing apart these layers of regulation is profiling the activities of cAMP/calcium-regulated TFs. With the cAMP/Calcium Protein/DNA Array, you can easily determine how the activities of cAMP- and calcium-regulated TFs change under different conditions. The array includes 20 TFs that are known to be regulated by cAMP and calcium.
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Nuclear Receptor Protein/DNA Array
The nuclear hormone receptor superfamily encompasses receptors for small lipophilic molecules, including steroid and thyroid hormones, active forms of vitamin A (retinoids), and vitamin D. When bound by these ligands, nuclear receptors translocate into the nucleus and act as transcription factors, binding to the cis-elements that mediate the expression of genes that control the growth, differentiation, and reproduction of multicellular eukaryotes. The Nuclear Receptor Protein/DNA Array is designed for researchers who are interested in how the activities of these nuclear receptors change under different conditions. With our Nuclear Receptor Protein/DNA Array, you can profile the activities of 15 nuclear receptors.
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Cell Growth Protein/DNA Array
Cell growth and differentiation demand a delicate balance between signaling and regulation of transcription. This balance depends on a series of events initiated when an extracellular stimulus binds to a cell surface receptor. Binding triggers a signaling cascade, which migrates through the cytoplasm and into the nucleus. Once transmitted to the nucleus, the signal regulates TFs, which turn on and off genes that mediate growth and differentiation. The Cell Growth Protein/DNA Array provides a good starting point for researchers who are looking to dissect this series of events. The array includes 20 TFs that are key players in cell growth and differentiation.
How it works:
These arrays use a proprietary, patent-pending technology developed by Panomics for the high-throughput analysis of TF interaction. The procedure is simple and straightforward.
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Four basic steps are involved:
1. Mix biotin-labeled DNA binding probes with a nuclear extract, this allows the formation of "DNA/Protein" complexes.
2. After incubation, these complexes are added to a spin column which allows the separation of unbound probes.
3. After elution of the DNA/Protein complexes, they are denatured to liberate the free probe.
4. Hybridize the free probe to the membrane, which contains an array of Transcription Factor consensus binding sequences.
Profile TF Activity using the Protein/DNA Array
Nuclear extracts were prepared from untreated and TNFalpha treated HeLa cells.
The induction of AP-1 by TNFalpha was seen on Protein/DNA Array I and confirmed using the AP-1 EMSA Kit.
Profile Changes in TF Activity
Figures show how Function-Specific Protein/DNA Arrays can readily detect changes in protein/DNA binding under different conditions.
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The cAMP/Calcium Protein/DNA Array detects differences in protein/DNA binding. Nuclear extracts of untreated HeLa cells (Panel A) and HeLa cells treated with PMA plus calcium ionophore (Panel B) were incubated with biotin-labeled Probe Mix, as described in the User Manual.
After chemiluminescence detection, differences in protein/DNA binding were detected—such as E4F (highlighted by box).
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The Cell Growth Protein/DNA Array detects differences in protein/DNA binding. Nuclear extracts of HeLa cells grown without serum (Panel D) and HeLa cells grown with serum (Panel E) were incubated with biotin-labeled Probe Mix, as described in the User Manual. After chemiluminescence detection, differences in protein/DNA binding were detected—such as c-Myb (highlighted by box).
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The Nuclear Receptor Protein/DNA Array detects differences in protein/DNA binding. Nuclear extracts of untreated HeLa cells (Panel G) and HeLa cells treated with glucocorticoid (Panel H) were incubated with biotin-labeled Probe Mix, as described in the User Manual. After chemiluminescence detection, differences in protein/DNA binding were detected—such as GRE (highlighted by box).
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Easy-to-use kit format
The Protein/DNA Array kit includes three array membranes, spin columns and reagents, hybridization and wash solutions, HRP detection reagents, and control nuclear extract.
Each membrane can be stripped twice and additional reagents to repeat the assay can be purchased separately (Protein/DNA I Refill Kits). Refill Kits contain all the materials and reagents in a Protein/DNA Kit except the array membranes.
DOCUMENTS
cAMP_Ca array
| download 
Cell growth array
| download Nuclear receptor array
| download ProteinDNA Arrays - Schematic Diagram
| download User Manual_Proten DNA Arrays
| download
